Which of the following medications has the highest potential for abuse among Schedule IV substances?

Alprazolam is often recognized as having the highest potential for abuse among Schedule IV substances due to its pharmacological profile and patterns of misuse. This medication is a benzodiazepine that is commonly prescribed for anxiety and panic disorders. Its psychoactive effects, including sedative and anxiolytic properties, contribute to its appeal for non-medical use.

One factor that elevates alprazolam's abuse potential is its rapid onset of action, which can lead to a quick feeling of euphoria. Additionally, alprazolam has a short half-life compared to some other benzodiazepines, which may promote a pattern of repeated dosing and can increase the risk for dependency and addiction.

While clonazepam, temazepam, and diazepam are also benzodiazepines with potential for abuse, they generally have a lower risk profile in comparison to alprazolam. Clonazepam tends to have a longer duration of action, and temazepam is primarily used as a sleep aid, which may limit its abuse potential. Diazepam, while similarly sedative, is often used in a broader array of clinical settings, which affects its pattern of misuse.

Overall, the unique characteristics of alprazolam, specifically